Izinhlobo zamamaski ikakhulukazi zifaka imaski ejwayelekile ye-gauze, imaski yezokwelapha (imvamisa ilahlwa), imaski yothuli yezimboni (njengamaski e-KN95 / N95), imaski yokuzivikela yansuku zonke kanye nemasks yokuzivikela (vikela entuthuni kawoyela, amagciwane, uthuli, njll.).Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zamamaski, imaski yezokwelapha inezidingo eziphakeme zobuchwepheshe, futhi ingakhiqizwa kuphela ngemva kokuthola isitifiketi sokubhaliswa kwedivayisi yezokwelapha efanele.Kubantu abavamile abahlala ekhaya noma emisebenzini yangaphandle, ukukhetha imaski yezokwelapha alahlwayo noma imaski evamile yokuzivikela kungahlangabezana nezidingo zansuku zonke zokuvikela ubhubhane.
Ngokusho komumo, imaski ingahlukaniswa ngohlobo oluyisicaba, uhlobo lokugoqa kanye nohlobo lwenkomishi.Imaski yobuso obuyisicaba kulula ukuyiphatha, kodwa ukucinana kubi.Imaski egoqayo ilungele ukuthwala.Indawo yokuphefumula emise okwenkomishi inkulu, kodwa akulula ukuyithwala.
Ingahlukaniswa izigaba ezintathu ngokusho kwendlela yokugqoka.Uhlobo lokugqoka ikhanda lufanele abasebenzi base-workshop abagqoka isikhathi eside, okuyinkinga.Ukugqoka izindlebe kulula ukugqokwa nokukhumula njalo.Uhlobo olugqoke intamo lisebenzisa izingwegwe zika-S nezinye izixhumi zezinto ezithambile.Ibhande lendlebe elixhumayo liguqulwa libe uhlobo lwebhande lentamo, elifanele ukugqoka isikhathi eside, futhi lilungele abasebenzi baseworkshop abagqoke izigqoko zokuphepha noma izingubo zokuzivikela.
E-China, ngokwezigaba zezinto ezisetshenziswayo, zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezinhlanu:
1. Amamaski e-Gauze: Amamaski e-Gauze asasetshenziswa kwezinye izinkundla zokucobelelana ngolwazi, kodwa izidingo zezinga le-GB19084-2003 ziphansi uma kuqhathaniswa.Ayihambisani nezinga le-GB2626-2019 futhi ingavikela kuphela othulini lwezinhlayiyana ezinkulu.
2. Omaskandi abangalukiwe: Iningi lamakhambi okuvikela alahlwayo amamaski angalukiwe, ahlungwa ngokuyinhloko ngokuhlunga okubonakalayo okulekelelwa i-electrostatic adsorption.
3. Imaski yendwangu: Imaski yendwangu inomphumela wokugcina kuphela ukufudumala ngaphandle kokuhlunga izinhlayiyana ezincane (PM) nezinye izinhlayiya ezincane.
4. Imaski yephepha: ilungele ukudla, ubuhle nezinye izimboni.Inezici zokungena kahle komoya, ukusetshenziswa okulula nokunethezeka.Iphepha elisetshenzisiwe lihambisana nezinga le-GB / t22927-2008.
5. Izifihlabuso ezenziwe ngezinye izinto, njengezinto ezintsha zokuhlunga ezivikela i-bio.
I-China iyizwe elikhulu embonini yemaski, ikhiqiza cishe ama-50% omamaski emhlabeni.Ngaphambi kokugqashuka, umphumela omkhulu wansuku zonke wamamaski eChina wawungaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-20.Ngokusho kwedatha, inani lomkhiqizo wemboni yemaski e-China Mainland likhule ngamaphesenti angaphezu kwe-10 ukusuka ngo-2015 kuya ku-2019. Ngo-2019, ukukhishwa kwemaski e-Chinese Mainland kudlule izigidigidi ezi-5, ngenani lomkhiqizo lama-Yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-10.235.Ijubane lokukhiqiza imaskhi esheshayo yizingcezu eziyi-120-200 / ngomzuzwana, kepha inqubo ejwayelekile yokuhlaziya nokubulala amagciwane ithatha izinsuku eziyi-7 kuya kwengxenye yenyanga.Ngenxa yokuthi imaskhi yezokwelapha inzalo nge-ethylene oxide, ngemva kokuvalwa inzalo, kuyoba nensalela ye-ethylene oxide kumaski, engeke ivuse umgudu wokuphefumula kuphela, kodwa futhi ibangele ama-carcinogens.Ngale ndlela, i-ethylene oxide esele kufanele ikhishwe ngokuhlaziywa ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezinga lokuphepha lokuqukethwe.Kuphela ngemva kokuphasa ukuhlolwa kungalethwa emakethe.
Imboni yemaski yaseShayina ithuthuke yaba imboni evuthiwe enenani eliphumayo lonyaka elingaphezu kwezigidigidi eziyi-10 zamaYuan.Izinga elifanelekile, ukusebenza kahle kokuhlunga, ukunethezeka kanye nokuba lula kwamamaski nakho kuye kwathuthukiswa kakhulu.Ngokungeziwe kumamaski okuhlinzwa kwezokwelapha, kunezigaba eziningi ezincane ezinjengokuvimbela uthuli, ukuvimbela impova kanye nokuhlunga kwe-PM2.5.Imaski ingabonakala ezibhedlela, ezimbonini ezilungisa ukudla, ezimayini, izinsuku zentuthu zasemadolobheni nakwezinye izigcawu.Ngokwemininingwane yokubonisana nabezindaba kwe-AI, ngo-2020, izinga lemakethe lemboni yemaski yaseChina lizoba nokwanda okukhulu ngesisekelo sokukhula okuqhubekayo, lifinyelele kuma-Yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-71.41.Ngo-2021, izobuyela emuva ngezinga elithile, kodwa isilinganiso semakethe sisonke sayo yonke imboni yemaski sisakhula.